Detailed Notes on Crystal
Detailed Notes on Crystal
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轴性、光性:一轴晶正光性。正交偏光下所看到的一轴晶干涉图是独特的,其黑十字臂未达中心,形成中空的图案,俗称牛眼干涉图。中心部分通常为淡绿色或淡粉色。
⒉棉、云雾或渣状包裹体、杂质在透明水晶内部有雾蒙蒙的现象或是感觉里面像有棉絮状、渣状物质一样的包裹体,这些包裹体的存在,影响水晶的整体美观。还有的水晶内局部含有黑斑或其他颜色的斑状物质,与水晶整体不协调,被视为水晶的杂质,有这种杂质的水晶是次品。
水晶文化历史悠久,古人曾赋予它一串极富美感的雅称:水玉、水精、水碧、石英等。
Most solid materials present in character exist in polycrystalline sort rather then as one crystal. They are literally composed of an incredible number of grains (small crystals) packed collectively to fill all Room. Just about every unique grain has another orientation than its neighbours. Even though very long-variety get exists within just one particular grain, at the boundary among grains, the buying improvements way. An average piece of iron or copper (Cu) is polycrystalline.
C2 [ U ] transparent glass of really top quality, usually with its floor Slash into fragile patterns:
, has precisely the same structure, but There's two choices for selecting the holes which the atoms will occupy. The 3rd layer can be placed in excess of the atoms of the very first layer, building an alternate layer sequence A
水晶与高档宝石的净度要求有很大不同。高档宝石稀少罕见,所以一般人们普遍对高档宝石的净度不会过于苛求。而水晶的产量着实大得惊人,所以通常人们会要求水晶净度越高越好,尽量避免有较明显的内含物的水晶。
As a very hot Remedy cools or maybe a saturated Answer evaporates, particles attract near adequate for chemical bonds to form. Crystals may also variety from deposition directly from the fuel stage. Liquid crystals possess particles oriented in an arranged fashion, like strong crystals, however can movement.
本词条由中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院、中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 参与编辑并审核,经科普中国·科学百科认�?。
晶体 Silicon crystals grown within a laboratory transform mild into electrical energy. 在实验室中长成的硅晶体可将光线转变为电能。
Solitary crystals of metals are smooth and malleable, while polycrystalline metals are more challenging and much better and are more helpful industrially. Most polycrystalline products could be produced into big solitary crystals right after extended heat therapy. In past times blacksmiths would heat a piece of steel to really make it malleable: heat tends to make a number of grains increase big by incorporating lesser ones. The smiths would bend click here the softened metal into form and afterwards pound it awhile; the pounding would enable it to be polycrystalline once more, increasing its power.
正常的水晶在生长时,多可以发现和柱形尖端棱线平行的生长纹(expansion strains)。由于在地底、岩洞中的生长空间多狭窄,尤其在遇到地震时,或地壳变动时,甚至容易遭到其他矿石的挤压,常常会压迫产生不同的「晶面」。还有,当水晶还是在液态状的时候,常常也会包覆着其他的矿石、泥灰一起结晶成长,如金红石(稍后变成发晶)、火山泥灰(稍后变成幻影水晶)等等。所有的这些,都是「自然的一部分」,请不要视为「瑕疵」。
⑤、打孔:是在水晶成品未完成前,根据其所需打孔之尺寸及位置,以钻头加工,如制表件、笔筒、瓶孔等。
Binary crystals are found in numerous structures. Some pairs of aspects type multiple structure. At room temperature, cadmium sulfide may crystallize possibly inside the zinc blende or wurtzite structure. Alumina also has two possible structures at area temperature, α-alumina (corundum) and β-alumina. Other binary crystals exhibit diverse structures at distinctive temperatures. One of the most complex crystals are Those people of silicon dioxide (SiO2), that has 7 various buildings at a variety of temperatures and pressures; the most common of those structures is quartz.